2007年考研英语阅览了解第二篇要点单词汇总+翻译(2007年考研英语一阅读)--考研网上

2007年考研英语阅览了解第二篇要点单词汇总+翻译
for the past several years, the sunday newspaper supplement parade has featured a column called .?people are invited to query marilyn vos savant, who at age 10 had tested at a mental level of someone about 23 years old; that gave her an iq of 228--the highest score ever recorded.?iq tests ask you to complete verbal and visual analogies, to envision paper after it has been folded and cut, and to deduce numerical sequences, among other similar tasks.?so it is a bit confusing when vos savant fields such queries from the average joe (whose iq is 100) as, whats the difference between love and fondness? or what is the nature of luck and coincidence??its not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns

suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.
在曩昔几年里，周末副刊杂志《大观》开设了一个特征专栏:问问玛丽莲。我们应邀向玛丽莲·沃斯·莎凡特发问，她在10岁时测得的智力水平就恰当于一般人23岁支配的水平，智商为228，这是有记载以来的最高分数。智商查验需求你结束言语类推和视觉类推，愿望纸张在折叠和裁剪之后的形状，推导数字序列，以及其他比方此类的使命。所以当沃斯·莎凡特成功答复出(智商为100的）一般人提出的比方“爱和喜爱的差异是啥”或“命运和偶尔的本质是啥”之类的疑问时不免让人感到有点利诱。咱们不理解，形象思维才能和数列推导才能如何能使人答复出连最优良的诗人和哲学家都很难答复的疑问。
clearly, intelligence encompasses more than a score on a test.?just what does it means to be smart??how much of intelligence can be specified, and how much can we learn about it from neurology, genetics, computer science and other fields?
显着，一项查验的得分缺乏以阐正确力的内在。那么啥叫聪明呢?智力有多少可以被清楚测定?咱们可以从神经学、遗传学、核算机科学和其他领域中对智力晓得多少?
the defining term of intelligence in humans still seems to be the iq score, even though iq tests are not given as often as they used to?be.?the test comes primarily in two forms: the stanford-binet intelligence scale and the wechsler intelligence scales (both come in adult and childrens version).?generally costing several hundred dollars, they are usually given only by psychologists, although variations of them populate bookstores and the world wide web.?superhigh scores like vos savants are no longer possible, because scoring is now based on a statistical population distribution among age peers, rather than simply dividing the mental age by the chronological age and multiplying by?100.?other standardized tests, such as the scholastic assessment test (sat) and the graduate record exam (gre), capture the main aspects of iq tests.
尽管如今智商查验不像早年运用那么频频，但人类智力如同仍然由智商分数来界说。智商查验首要有两种方法:斯坦福---比奈智力气表和韦克斯勒智力备表(两种测量表都分红人版和儿童版)。尽管书店里和互联网上常常可以看到这两种查验方法的改编版，但这两种查验方法一般只能由心思学家供给，费用一般为几百美元。如今像沃斯·莎凡特这样的超高分再也不可以能呈现了，因为如今的分数是以同龄集体的人员计算分布情况为基础的，而不是简略地用智力年纪除以生理年纪再乘以100而得到的。其他的标准化查验，如学术才能评价查验(sat)和美国研讨生入学考试(gre)，也都充分体现了智商查验的首要特征。
such standardized tests may not assess all the important elements necessary to succeed in school and in life, argues robert j. sternberg.?in his article , sternberg notes that traditional tests best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge, components also critical to problem solving and life success.?moreover, iq tests do not necessarily predict so well once populations or situations change.?research has found that iq predicted leadership skills when the tests were given under low-stress conditions, but under high-stress conditions, iq was negatively correlated with leadership--that is, it predicted the opposite.?anyone who has toiled through sat will testify that test-taking skill also matters, whether its knowing when to guess or what questions to?skip.
罗伯特·j.斯滕伯格认为:这样的标准化查验或许并不能评价出在学业和日子中获得成功所必需的一切重要要素。他在《智商查验有多智能?》一文中指出:传统查验能对分析才能和言语才能做出最佳评价，但无法评价创造才能和实习常识，而这两者也是处置疑问和获得人生成功的要害要素。而且，一旦受试人群或许受试环境发生改变，智商查验未必能做出精准的猜测。研讨发现，在压力小的情况下，智商查验可以猜测受试者领导才能的凹凸;可是在压力大的情况下，智商查验与领导才能呈负有关的联络---也就是说，智商查验所检测出的领导才能与实践情况相反。任何熬过sat的人都可以证明，应试技巧也很重要，不管是晓得何时大约猜测或是哪些疑问大约跳过。
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