2000年考研英语阅览真题及解析【第五篇】(2000年考研英语真题及答案解析)--考研网上

passage5?注解：标题为赤色，翻译为蓝色，分析为绿色。????????if ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition-wealth. distinction. control over one and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them.in an odd way, however,?it is the educated who have claimed to have given up on ambition as an ideal .what is odd is that they have perhaps most benefited from ambition-if not always their own then that of their parents and grandparents.⑤there is a heavy note of hypocrisy in this,a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped-with the educated themselves riding on them.
????????certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly.?summer homes, european travel, bmws-the locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago.what has happened is that p

eople cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar.instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply:the critic of american materialism with a southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools.for such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional, the proper formulation is,
????????? ??the attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles; its public de fenders are few and unimpressive, where they are not extremely unattractive.as a result, the support for ambition as a healthy impulse,a quality to be admired and fixed in the mind of the young, is probably lower than it has ever been in the united states.this does not mean that ambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings, but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly professed.consequences follow from this, of course, some of which are

that ambition is driven underground, or made sly.such, then, is the way things stand: on the left angry critics, on the right stupid supporters, and in the middle, as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life.
一、文章规划分析
这篇文章是一篇关于如何正确看待宏愿壮志的文章。文章先是表达了对宏愿壮志的正确观点，接着批判了一些人对宏愿壮志所持有的虚伪情绪，一起也暗示宏愿壮志是一种安康的寻求，我们大约正确对待它。
第一段：押击了一些受过教育的人对宏愿壮志所持有的虚伪情绪，首要运用说理和比方证明办法。
第二段：指出我们的宏愿壮志仍然存在，只是我们不愿揭露招认自个的愿望。该段运用举例证明。
第三段：指出因为我们撑持较少，宏愿壮志被逼转入地下的情况，并暗示我们大约正确看待宏愿壮志。

27. it is generally believed that ambition may be well regarded if________.
[a] its returns well compensate for the sacrifices?
[b] it is rewarded with money, fame and power
[c] its goals are spiritual rather than material?
[d] it is shared by the rich and the famous
27.我们广泛认为，宏愿壮志可以遭到好评，假定________。
【a】其收益充分地抵偿了所作出的牺牲
【b】它以金钱、名誉和权力作为酬谢
【c】其方针是精力上的而不是物质上的
【d】它是有钱人和名人同享的

28.the last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that it is.
[a] customary of the educated to discard ambition in words
[b] too late to check ambition once it has been let out?
[c] dishonest to deny ambition after the fulfillment of the goal?
[d] impractical for the educated to enjoy benefits from ambition
28.第一段最终一句话最有可以暗示。
【a】受过教育的人习气于口头上接弃宏愿壮
【b】宏愿壮志一旦被开释出来，再想抑制则为时已晚
【c】在方针完成后否定宏愿壮志是不诚笃的
【d】对受过教育者来说，享受宏愿壮志带来的优点是不实际的

29.some people do not openly admit they have ambition because.
[a] they think of it as immoral?
[b] their pursuits are not fame or wealth?
[c] ambition is not closely related to material benefits?
[d] they do not want to appear greedy and contemptible
29.有些人不揭露招认他们有宏愿壮志是因为。
【a】他们将此看作是不道德的
【b】他们寻求的不是名誉和财富
【c】宏愿壮志与物质利益没有亲近的联络
【d】他们不想显得贪婪与可鄙

30.from the last paragraph the conclusion can be drawn that ambition should be maintained.
[a] secretly and vigorously?
[b] openly and enthusiastically
[c] easily and momentarily
[d] verbally and spiritually
30.从最终一段可以推出的结论是，宏愿壮志大约被坚持。
【a】隐秘而精力充分地
【b】揭露热心肠
【c】轻松而暂时地
【d】口头上和精力上地

二、中心词汇与超纲词汇
1.acquisitive a.盼望获取资产的，贪婪的；
acquire v.获得，得到，获得
2.angle
n.角，视点;情绪；
vt.从某一特定视点提出，以某观念供给信息
3.distinction?
n.（类似事物之间的）不一样，差异，不一样
n.（事物或人按其质量、质量、等级等的）区别，差异对待
4.exceptional
a.非常好的，超卓的
例：exceptional talent as a musician特别的音乐才干
a.稀有的，不寻常的
例：in exceptionalcircumstances在特别情况下
5.formulation?
n.拟定，方案，想象
例：the formulation of a policy方针的拟定
n.清楚的表达，切当的论说；
formulate v.拟定，方案，想象；切当地表达、论说
6.get on in life
略胜一筹；
get on发迹，略胜一筹
例：he will get on in the world.他会在社会方位方面略胜一筹。
7.hypocrisy
n.虚伪；虚伪
例：itssheer hypocrisy for politicians to preach about family valueswhen so many of them are having affairs.
虚伪的政客们口口声声宣传家庭道德观，而他们中有许多人却大搞婚外恋。
hypocritical a.虚伪的，虚伪的
8.note?
n.笔记，记载
n.特征，口气
9.odd
a..独特的，异常的，古怪的
例：an odd character古怪的性格
a.单只的，不成对的
例：an odd shoe单只鞋
a.奇数的，奇数的（不能被2整除的）
例：odd number奇数even number偶数
[数学术语]
10.profess?
vt. 妄称；伪称；声称{不和词性}
例：she still professes her innocence.
她仍然声称自个无辜。
vt.声称，揭露标明{正面词性}
例：he professed his admiration for their work.
他标明敬佩他们的作业。
词根fess意为to speak?8怠保纾篶onfess
11.pushing?
a.推的，推进的
a.有前进心的，有作业心的，充溢干劲的【作褒义时】
a.鲁莽的，自认为是的【作贬义时】
12.regard
vt.将……认为；把……视为；看待
常与as连用，regard a as b，把a作为b。前面的几篇文章中呈现look a as b也是这个的同义替换。考研文章也常常用这个方法的被逼语态，b被看做了a，b is regarded as a。
三、阅览答案：a?c?d?b
四、全文翻译：?
????????????假定要正确看待宏愿壮志的话，那么它带来的酬谢——财富、名誉、对自个命运的掌控——则大约被认为是值得我们为完成志向而做出牺牲的。假定宏愿壮志的传统要持续坚持活力，那么它就大约遭到广泛的推重，特别大约遭到那些受人景仰的我们的高度注重，而那些受过教育的人更应包括在内。可是，恰恰是那些受过教育的人却不凶咴思议地声称他们现已扔掉了宏愿壮志壮志这一抱负。新鲜的是他们或许现已从宏愿壮志壮志中获益匪浅—一假定不老是他们自个的宏愿壮志，那么就是他们父辈或祖父辈的宏愿壮志。这其间有着稠密的虚伪颜色，恰如马跑后再关上马厩的门那样，而受过杰出教育的人自个正骑在那些马背上。
????????????当然，与曩昔比较，如今我们对成功及其标志的快乐喜爱一点点未减。消暑别墅，欧洲旅行、宝马轿车——方位、地名和品牌可以会改动，但如今对这些东西的需要如同并未比一二十年前有所削减。如今的情况是我们不能像早年那样简略地、揭露地坦陈自个的愿望，生怕别人认为自个爱出风头、得寸进尺、庸俗不堪。相反，咱们如同目睹了比以往任何时分都多的虚伪表象：美国实利主义的批判家在南安普顿具有消暑别墅；急进的出书商到三星级宾馆就餐；建议终身同享民主制的新闻记者却把自个的子孙送进私立学校。关于这样的人，及更多或许不这么超卓的人而言，最佳的诠释是“不吝悉数价值获得成功，但避免体现出宏愿勃勃”。
????????????对宏愿壮志的进犯非常之多，且出自各种不一样的视点；揭露为之辩解的则少之又少，虽不能说这些辩解毫无招引力可言，但却未能给我们留下深化形象。因而，在美国，宏愿壮志作为一种安康的动力，一种大约令人称羡并扎根于青年人心灵的质量，它所得到的撑持或许比以往任何时期都低。但这并不料味着宏愿壮志现已穷途结束，我们再也感触不到它的萌发和鼓励了，只是我们不再揭露地以它为荣，更不愿揭露地表达它了。当然由此发生的成果中的一些就是宏愿壮志被逼转入地下，或躲藏于胸。所以，情况就成了这样：左面是愤恨的批判家，右边是愚笨的撑持者，而居中的一般是大大都细心而尽力寻求成功的人。

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