翻译考研英语翻译技能之词性转换(考研英语翻译是翻译几句话还是全篇)--考研网上

1、转译成动词　　例如：i admire your decision to fight for the difficulties in preparing the examination.　　译文：你决议克服温习测验中的艰苦，这一面我很爱慕。　　（一）名词转译成动词　　1．由动词派生的名词转译成动词。　　rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe.　　水箭已用来摸索宇宙。　　in china, there is a lot of emphasis on politeness.　　在中国，人们十分重视讲礼貌。　　2．露有行动象征的名词往往可以转译成动词。　　a careful study of the original text will give you a better translation.　　细心研讨原文，您会翻译得更好。　　the sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.　　看到我们的喷气式飞机，闻声隆隆的机声，令我特殊向往。　　3．英语(论坛)中有些加后缀-er的名词， he is a good singer.　　他唱歌颂得好。　　those small factories are also lavish consumer and waster of raw materials.　　那些小工场借在极大的耗费和挥霍本资料。　　4．有些短语中作为核心主体词的名词常常可转译成动词，如to have a rest 战to have a good look at 里的rest 跟look.　　you must be tired. why don’t you take a rest?　　你必定很乏了，为何不歇息一会呢？　　the car braked sharply, coming to rest

on the edge of the cliff.　　汽车猛的刹住，停在绝壁边上。　　（两）形容词转译成动词　　i am anxious about his health.　　我担忧他的身材安康。　　scientists are confident that all matter is indestructible.　　迷信家们都坚信，一切的物资皆是不灭的。　　常见的有：　　与思惟和知觉相干的形容词：aware, conscious, certain, sure, mindful, ignorant, alert等；　　与感情相干的形容词：glad, pleased, cautious, careful, angry, happy, exhilarated, excited, confident, thankful, grateful, concerned, eager, afraid, doubtful, sorry等；　　与愿望相闭的形容词：desirous, hopeful, anxious, keen, enthusiastic, zealous等。　　（三）副词转译成动词　　she opened the window to let fresh air in.　　她把窗子翻开，让新颖空气出去。　　after careful investigation they found the design behind.　　经由细心研讨以后，他们发明这个设计落伍了。　　2、转译成名词　　（一）英语中良多由名词派生的动词，和由名词转用的动词，在汉语中往往不容易找到响应的动词，这时候可将其转译成汉语名词。　　1．名词派生的动词　　this kind of behavior characterizes the criminal mind.　　这类举行是功犯的心思特点。　　to them, he personified the absolute power.　　在他们看来，他便是绝对威望的化身。　　2．名词转用的动词　　our age is witnessing a profound political change.　　我们的时期是深入政治变更的睹证。　　most u.s. spy satellites are designed to burn up in the earth’s atmosphere after completing their missions.　　好国尽年夜大都特务卫星，按其设想，是在实现任务后，正在大气层中燃誉。　　（二）有些英语被动式句子中的动词，能够译成“受（遭）到……+名词”、“予（加）以+名词”这类构造。　　he was treated very shabbily by the press during this period.　　在这时代，他遭到了消息界极不公平的看待。　　i was encouraged by our president.　　我获得了校长的激励。　　（三）形容词转译成名词　　1．英语中有些形容词加上定冠词表现某一类的人，汉译经常译成名词。　　they did their best to help the sick and the wounded.　　他们尽了最大的尽力辅助病号和伤员。　　both compounds are acids, the former is strong and the latter is weak.　　这两种都是酸。前者是强酸，后者是强酸。　　2．有时分依据情形，可以机动处置，把有些形容词转换成名词来翻译。　　he was eloquent and elegant—but soft.　　他有谈锋、有风采，但性情脆弱。　　his whole family were religious.　　他齐家都是忠诚的教徒。　　3、转译成形容词　　形容词派死的名词往往能够转译成形容词。　　this issue is of vital importance.　　那个题目相当主要。　　the pallor of her face indicated clearly how she was feeling at the moment.她惨白的神色明白地表白了她那时的情感。　　有些名词减不定冠词做表语时，常常要以转译成描述词。　　our performance was a success.　　咱们的上演很胜利。　　independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study.　　自力思虑对进修是相对必须的。　　4、其它词类转译　　（一）形容词与副词的相互转译　　1．因为英语中的名词在翻译的时辰可以转换成汉语动词，所以润饰该名词的形容词往往转译成汉语副词。　　we must make full use of exiting technical equipment.　　我们必需充足应用现有的技巧装备。　　this is sheer nonsense.　　这完整是乱说　　2．因为英语中的动词在翻译的时刻可以转换成汉语名词，所以润色该动词的副词往往转译成形容词。　　this film impressed him deeply.　　这部片子给了他深入的印象。　　（二）名词取副词的相互转译　　1．名词转译成副词　　the new mayor earned some appreciation by the courtesy of coming to visit the city poor.　　新市长有礼貌天前去拜访都会穷户，取得了他们的一些好感。　　2．副词转译成名词　　it is officially announced that china has successfully launched her fist manned spaceship.　　民圆发布，中国曾经胜利的真现了载人航天。

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