21考研英语一翻译真题(2021考研英语一翻译详解)--考研网上

??1.?those societies came out of the war with levels of enrollment that had been roughly constant at 3-5% of the relevant age groups during the decades before the war.

词汇

enrollment 入学??

roughly 大约，大约

age group 年纪段

句型

中心句型是that引导的定语从句，其间先行词是levels of enrollment（入学率），先行词之前内容的时刻是战后，先行词之后内容的时刻由所以曩昔结束时（曩昔的曩昔），则为战前

骨干

those societies came out of the war with leve

ls of enrollment that ...

参阅译文

这些社会在战争结束后，其入学率水平在战前的几十年里一向大致坚持在有关年纪段的3-5%。

2.?and the demand that rose in those societies for entry to higher education extended to groups and social classes that had not thought of attending a university before the war.

词汇

entry to higher education = attend a university? 进入高级教育

social class 社会阶层

句型

本句的中心句型仍然是that引导的定语从句，先行词别离为demand和groups and social classes

骨干

and the demand ... extended to groups and social classes ...

参阅译文

在这些社会中，对进入高级教育的需要上升到了战前未曾想过要上大学的集体和社会阶层。

3.?in many countries of western europe, the numbers of students in higher education doubled within five-year periods during the 1960s and doubled again in seven, eight, or 10 years by the middle of the 1970s.

词汇

double 翻倍，加倍

句型

本句尽管长，但规划清楚，首要是并排句，由连词and联接

骨干

... the numbers of students in higher education doubled ... and doubled again ...

参阅译文

在西欧的许多国家，高级教育的学生人数在1960年代的五年内翻了一番，到1970年代中期又在7、8或10年内翻了一番。

4.?and when the new staffs are predominantly young men and women fresh from postgraduate study, they largely define the norms of academic life in that faculty.

词汇

staff 教职人员

norm 标准

faculty 院系，全体教员

句型

when引导的时刻状语从句 + 骨干

骨干

... they largely define the norms of academic life in that faculty

参阅译文

当新的作业人员首要是刚结束研讨生学习的年青男女时，他们在很大程度上抉择了该院系的学术日子标准。

5.?high growth rates increased the chances for academic innovation; they also weakened the forms and processes by which teachers and students are admitted into a community of scholars during periods of stability or slow growth.

词汇

academic innovation 学术立异

be admitted into 进入，变成，认可

句型

本句由分号联接的两个语句并排而成，另外还有which引导的定语从句，先行词为forms and processes

骨干

high growth rates increased the chances for academic innovation; they also weakened the forms and processes by ...

参阅译文

高增加率添加了学术立异的机缘；它们也削弱了教师和学生在平稳或缓慢增加时期被接收为专家集体的方法和进程。

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