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speaking a native language that requires tones appears to?boost perception of melody, but at the cost of rhythm, researchers report april 26 in?current biology. the massive global study hints at how?language skills seep into other areas of cognition.?tonal languages use pitch to distinguish words that otherwise might sound the same. in mandarin, for instance, m? means horse whereas mā means mother. nontonal languages like spanish sometimes include pitch changes to suggest emotion, for example, but not to change a word’s meaning.

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研讨人员4月26日宣告在《今世生物学》上的陈述标明，说需要腔调的母语如同可以增强对旋律的感知，但价值是损失节奏。这项大规划的全球研讨提示了言语才能是如何渗透到认知的其他领域的。腔调言语运用腔调来区别那些听起来可以意思相同的单词。例如，在汉语一般话中，m?是马的意思，而mā是母亲的意思。例如，像西班牙语这样的无腔调言语有时会经过腔调改变来标明情感，但不会改动单词的意思。

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as a mandarin speaker and flutist, jingxuan liu wondered about the crossover between language and music. while studying psychology as an undergraduate at duke university, liu helped analyze the musical abilities of nearly half a million people from 203 countries. her colleagues had launched an online game in which participants completed several musical tasks, including identifying matching melodies at different pitches and finding beat tracks that fit songs’ rhythms.

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刘静轩是一个既说一般话又吹长笛的人，她想晓得言语和音乐之间有啥样的穿插联络。在杜克大学读心思学本科时刻，刘协助分析了来自203个国家的近50万人的音乐才能。她的火伴们推出了一个线上游戏，受试者需要结束几个音乐有关的使命，包括对不一样腔调的旋律匹配相应的旋律，找到契合歌曲节奏的节拍等。

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on average, nati

ve speakers of the 19 represented tonal languages were better at the melody task compared with speakers of 29 nontonal languages. and the effect wasn’t small — a tonal first language enhanced melodic perception by about half the amount that music lessons did, which was also surveyed. but tonal language speakers tended to be worse at the rhythm task.

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?均匀而言，与29种非腔调言语的运用者比较，19种腔调言语的母语运用者（样本有代表性）在旋律使命中体现得非常好。研讨还发现，这个差异还并不小——有腔调的第一言语对旋律感知的增强作用大约是上音乐课作用的一半支配。但说有腔调言语的人一般在节奏使命中体现更差。

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humans must be choosy about what they pay attention to. pitch patterns are vital in tonal languages, which might explain the musical trade-off. “you’ve got a finite resource of attention, and you’ve got to allocate that somehow,” says study coauthor courtney hilton, a cognitive scientist at the university of auckland in new zealand.

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人类有必要对自个重视的东西有所选择。腔调方法在腔调言语中至关重要，这或答应以说明音乐上的取舍。“你的留心力是有限的，有必要以某种方法进行分配，”该研讨的合著者、新西兰奥克兰大学的认知科学家考特尼·希尔顿说。

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prior research on language and music often compared just two tongues, usually english and cantonese or mandarin. but other cultural influences, such as eastern and western music styles, could have affected results. by examining a wide range of people, the new study included languages never assessed in this way and reached more generalizable conclusions. “our result here is showing that the language someone speaks — which is an important part of culture — also shapes cognition,” hilton says.

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此前对言语和音乐的研讨一般只比照两种言语，一般是英语和粤语或英语和一般话。但其他文明等影响，如东西方音乐个性，可以会影响成果。经过对大规模的人群进行查询，这项新研讨包括了此前从未以这种方法评价过的言语，并得出了更广泛的结论。希尔顿说：“咱们的研讨成果标明，我们所说的言语——作为文明的重要构成有些——也会描写认知。”

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这篇文章节选自：science news（科学新闻）

发布时刻：2023.04.26

作者：mckenzie prillaman

原文标题：native language might shape musical ability

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◆词汇堆集

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1.seep

/si?p/?
v.（液体）渗漏，渗透；逐步移动，逐渐散开
n.（油、水）渗出地表的当地

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2. ?pitch

/p?t?/
n. 体育场所，球场; (豪情或活动的)剧烈，激烈; (音符的)凹凸度，音高; 推销用语; (棒球中的)投，掷
v. 投，掷，扔; ?触地，(使球)定点落地; (使)颠仆(俄然移动); ?把……定于某水平; 使(产品)关于，面向; 推销，争夺撑持(或生意等); 定音高

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3. ?prior

/?pra??/?
adj. 早年的，事前的; 优先的，更重要的; 在前面的
n. 违法前科; 小修道院院长

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◆词组分配

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1.tonal language 腔调言语（指用腔调来区别词语意思的言语）

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◆写作句总结

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our result here is showing that the language someone speaks — which is an important part of culture — also shapes cognition.

规划：our result here is showing that … — which is an important part of culture — also shapes cognition.

咱们的研讨成果标明，…——作为文明的重要构成有些——也会描写认知。

例句：our result here is showing that the costume someone wears— which is an important part of culture — also shapes cognition.????

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