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??◆双语阅览

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there are soon to be 8 billion of us and counting. yet while the world’s population is still growing fast overall, in many countries, the numbers are declining or will do soon. take the three largest. the population of china will begin to fall soon and could halve by 2100. india’s will peak around 2050. and the us population would fall from the 2030s if not for immigration.

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全球人员总量很快会抵达80亿，而且还会增加。可是，尽管世界人员全体上仍在快速增加，但许多国家，人员数量正鄙人降，或很快会初步降低。一最大的三个国家为例。我国人员数很快就会初步降低，到2100年甚至可以会减半。印度人员将在2050年支配抵达峰值。假定没有移民，美国人员将从21世纪30年代初步降低。

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so there are two distinct issues to deal with: rapid population growth in some nations and population declines in others. many see limiting population growth as vital for tackling various environmental catastrophes unfolding around the world, as we report on in our article?“what will a population of 8 billion people mean for us and the planet?”?

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所以如今有两个截然不一样的疑问需要处置：一些国家的人员快速增加，以及另一些国家的人员降低。正如咱们在《80亿人员对咱们和地球意味着啥》一文中所报导的那样，许多人把捆绑人员增加看作是应对世界各地发生的各种环境灾害中至关重要的一环。

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yet for wealthy westerners to call for lower-income countries to control their populations simply in the name of protecting nature is hypocritical in the extreme, given that the rich have vastly larger environmental footprints. what’s more, there is often more than a whiff of racism to such calls.

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可是，对那些殷实的西方国家的人来说，呼吁低收入国家控制他们的人员数量不过是打着维护天然的旗号的虚伪至极的做法，究竟殷实国家对环境的影响要大得多。更重要的是，这样的呼吁一般带有稠密的种族主义颜色。

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that said, there are good reasons for fast-growing countries to try to limit further population growth, as discussed in our article?“tackling population growth is key to fighting climate change”, not least because rapid increases can lead to more poverty. what’s more, two of the key factors in lowering fertility rates are ed

ucating women and respecting their rights, which all countries should be doing anyway. declining populations can be seen as a good thing in some ways – less pressure on wildlife, more space and so on. but having fewer working-age people and more older people is a huge economic challenge.

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也就是说，人员快速增加的国家尽力捆绑人员进一步增加是有合理的理由的，正如咱们在《应对人员增加是应对气候改变的要害》一文中所谈论的那样，特别是因为人员快速增加可致使使贫穷加剧。此外，降低生育率的两个要害要素是广泛对妇女的教育并尊敬她们的权力，这是一切国家不管如何都大约做的。人员削减在某些方面也可以当作是一件功德——对野生动物的压力更小，空间更大等等。但劳作年纪人员削减，以及晚年人员增多是一个无量的经济应战。

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apart from increasing immigration, there is no sure-fire way to stem individual nations’ population decline. this means that, in many parts of the world, governments need to be readying care and pensions systems to cope with ageing populations. these trends are highly predictable over the next few decades, so there is absolutely no excuse for failing to prepare. it is also hugely important to invest in health. an ageing population has much less impact if people remain healthy well into old age.

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除了添加移民，没有啥满有掌控的办法可以阻挡一个国家的人员降低。这意味着，在世界上许多区域，政府需要做好医疗和养老金体系的预备，来应对人员老龄化。将来几十年里，这些趋势是完全可以猜测的，所以咱们必定没有理由做不好预备。在清洁领域进行出资也至关重要。假定我们在步入高龄时仍能坚持安康，那么人员老龄化的影响就会小得多。

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这篇文章节选自：new scientist （新科学家）

发布时刻：2022.11.10

作者：home

原文标题：despite reaching 8 billion people, we must plan for population decline

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◆词汇堆集

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1.whiff?

英/ w?f /美/ w?f /
n.一股气味；臭味；一点点，少许；纤细的痕迹（或感触）；吸（喷）气；（高尔夫球或棒球）挥空棒
v.发臭；嗅，闻；喷出；吸气或吹气；挥空（击球未中）

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2.sure-fire

英/ ???? fa??(r); ???? fa??(r) /美/ ???r fa??r /
adj.（非正式）必定能成功的

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3.pension

英/ ?pen?(?)n /美/ ?pen??n /
n.养老金，退休金；（法国和其他一些欧洲国家的）贱卖小旅馆；<史>（给皇室宠臣、艺术家或专家以便他们能从事公益作业的）补助，补助金
v.（尤指因年纪或疾病而）向（或人）付出养老金使其退休；（因陈腐或不再有用而）丢掉（某物）

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◆词组分配

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1.and counting? 数量持续增加的

2.report on? ?就……作陈述

3.what’s more ??而且；更重要的是；另外

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◆写作句总结

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原句：that said, there are good reasons for fast-growing countries to try to limit further population growth

规划：there are good reasons for sb. to try to do sth.

例句：in such a competitive environment, there are good reasons for people with average talent to try to put in more effort to strengthen the foundation.????

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