2021年考研英语二阅读理解A真题答案解析(沈阳新东方)--考研网上

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We're fairly good at judging people based on first impressions, thin slicesof experience ranging from a glimpse of a photo to a??five-minute interaction,and deliberation can be not only extraneous??but intrusive.In one study of theability she dubbed "thin slicing, the late psychologist Nalini Ambady askedparticipants to watch silent 10-second video clips of professors and to rate theinstructor' s overall effectiveness. Their ratings correlated strongly withstudents′ end-of-semester ratings.Another set of participants had tc countbackward from 1,000 by nines as they watched the clips,??occupying theirconscious working memory. Their ratings were just as accurate, demonstrating theintuitive nature of the social processing.

Critically, another group was asked to spend a minute writing down reasonsfor their judgment, before giving the rating. Accuracy dropped dramatically.Ambady suspected that deliberation focused them on vivid but misleading cues,such as certain gestures or utterances, rather than letting the complexinterplay of subtle signals form a holistic impression. She found similarinterference when participants watched 15-second clips of pairs of people andjudged whether they were strangers, friends, or dating partners.

Other research shows we' re better at detecting deception and sexualorientation from thin slices when we rely on intuition instead of reflection."It' s as if you' re driving a stick shift/ says Judith Hall, a psychologist atNortheastern University, "and if you start thinking about it too much, you can'tremember what you" re doing. But if you go on automatic pilot, you' re fine.Much of our social life is like that."

Thinking too much can also harm our ability to form preferences Collegestudents* ratings of strawberry jams and college courses aligned better withexperts' opinions when the students werenf t asked to analyze their rationale.And people made car-buying decisions that were both objectively better and morepersonally satisfying when asked to focus on their feelings rather than ondetails, but only if the decision was complex — when they had a lot o1information to process.Intuition's special powers are unleashed only in certaincircumstances. In one study, participants completed a battery of eigh tasks,including four that tapped reflective thinking (discerning rules comprehendingvocabulary) and four that tapped intuition and creativity (generating newproducts or figures of speech). Then they rated the degree to which they hadused intuition ("gut feelings,""hunches" "my heart").Use of their gut hurt theirperformance on the first four tasks, as expected, and helped them on the restSometimes the heart is smarter than the head.

36. Nalini Ambaby's study deals with_________

A. instructor student interaction

B.the power of people's memory

C.the reliability of first impressions

D. People's ability to influence others

37. In Ambaby's study,rating accuracy dropped whenparticipants__________

A. gave the rating in limited time

B.focused on specific details

C. watched shorter

video clips

D.discussed with on another

38. Judith Hall mentions driving to mention that_

A. memory can be selective

B. reflection can be distracting

C. social skills must be cultivated

D. deception is difficult to detect

39. When you are making complex decisions, it is advisable to

A. follow your feelings

B. list your preferences

C. seek expert advice

D. collect enough data

40.正确选项：Intuition may affect reflective tasks.

【正确答案】36. C 37. B 38. B 39. A 40.

【解析】

36.根据题干中的信息Nalini Ambaby's study deals with定位在原文中的第一句We're fairly good atjudging people based on first impressions, thin slices of experience rangingfrom a glimpse of a photo to a??five-minute interaction, and deliberation can benot only extraneous??but intrusive.此句为实验的目的可知C选项the reliability of firstimpressions 为正确选项。其中A选项指导学生互动，B选项人们记忆的力量，D选项人们影响他人的能力均与原文不符。

37.由题干中信息In Ambaby's study,rating accuracy dropped whenparticipants定位在第二段的开头Critically, another group was asked to spend a minutewriting down reasons for their judgment, before giving the rating. Accuracydropped dramatically. 同义替换可知B选项focused on specific details为正确选项。其中A选项在有限的时间内作出评价，C选项看更短的视频短片，D选项与其他人讨论均与原文不符。

38.根据题干中的关键信息Judith Hall mentions driving to mention that定位在It' s as ifyou' re driving a stick shift/ says Judith Hall, a psychologist at NortheasternUniversity, "and if you start thinking about it too much, you can't rememberwhat you" re doing.同义替换B选项reflection can be distracting为正确选项。A选项记忆是可被选择的，C选项社会技能可以培养，D选项欺骗很难发现均与原文不符。

B. 39.由题干中的信息When you are making complex decisions, it is advisableto??定位在倒数第二段第二句Thinking too much can also harm our ability to formpreferences及下文内容可知A选项follow yourfeelings??为正确选项。其中B选项列出你的偏好，C选项寻求专家观点，D选项收集足够多的数据均与原文不符。

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